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Hurthle Cell Cancer

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DEFINITION
Hurthle cell cancer is a rare type of cancer that attacks the thyroid gland, a gland located in front of the neck down. The thyroid secretes hormones that are important to regulate the body's metabolism. Hurthle cell cancer can be aggressive and surgery is usually performed to remove the thyroid gland that has cancer.

Among the new cases of thyroid cancer, less than 5 percent of that is kind of Hurthle cell cancer. The disease is also called Hurthle cell carcinoma or sometimes called oxyphil cell carcinoma.



SYMPTOMS
Signs and symptoms hurthle cell cancer include:
• A lump that grows rapidly, slightly below the adam's apple.
• Pain in the neck and throat with pain in the ear which sometimes happens.
• Hoarseness or voice change.
• Shortness of breath.
• Difficulty swallowing.
• Coughing that is not caused by respiratory tract infections.

Causes & Risk Factors
Cause
Hurthle exact cause of cancer cells is unknown, although scientists believe the condition is associated with changes in DNA, including the relationship with the aging process.

In general, cancer begins when a mutation occurs in the cell DNA. DNA mutations can cause the cells do not function normally. This mutation causes the cells to grow out of control and then live while the other cells die. Accumulation of cells that form tumors can spread to other body areas.



Risk factors
Factors that may increase the risk hurthle cell cancer include:
• Women
• Old age
• Treatment of radiation to the head and neck


Prevention
You can reduce the risk hurthle cell cancer by reducing exposure to radiation from X-rays or other sources.

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